Generally, the choice of the operating system to host your website depends upon the scripting language that is used in your website. There are many options available when it comes to writing CGI scripts on a Linux machine. The most common at the time of this writing are PHP and PERL. Linux is a complete operating system that is similar but not identical to UNIX. The best thing about Linux is that it is freely distributable.
Linux is an Open Source Unix-type operating system. Linux was developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991. Today, it has become quite popular worldwide because of its functionality and availability.
There are many kinds of databases that run on Linux, but the most prevalent among web host providers are mSQL, MySQL, and PostgreSQL. Linux supports a wide variety of application languages, more than any other operating system. The most common include C, C++, Shell, Perl, Tcl, Python, Java and PHP.
Linux web hosting can host virtually any sized web site, small or large, and do so with the same stability and reliability. There are also many free application programs available for Linux web hosting. There are many CGI programs available on the Internet. The majorities of these are Perl scripts and have been developed on Linux/ UNIX web servers. So they tend to install more smoothly and operate more reliably on a Linux server. Most of the Linux web hosting plans available come with such things as FrontPage Extensions, built in CGI scripts, html serving protocols, Web Hosting Control Panels and so much more that the list would take practically days to write.
Linux web hosting is considered to be safe, reliable, and economical and it is preferred for demanding website environments. Along with that come completely free applications to help the server you are on run more efficiently and with more stability. Linux web hosting systems also less vulnerable to security breach. So with Linux hosting, you can expect more up time. Linux system runs for long time without rebooting.
A Linux website can easily be converted to a Windows website without much hassle. However, a Linux web hosting environment is not really without hassle. If your website has interactive facilities like chat or searchable database, Linux may not be the best choice.